Supporting Evidence
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The Canadian Reconciliation Barometer: a rigorous tool for tracking reconciliation in Canada
Type of Evidence: Academic Literature
Summary of Key Findings:The Canadian Reconciliation Barometer, developed with Indigenous leaders and validated through two national studies, is a reliable and valid tool for both Indigenous and non-Indigenous participants that assesses 13 factors of reconciliation, offering a novel conceptualization that incorporates Indigenous perspectives and systemic equality.
Topics & Keywords:Arctic and Northern Policy Framework, Canada's Arctic Policies, Co-development, Reconciliation Lens, Truth and ReconciliationLimitations:The framework faces several limitations including power asymmetries in co-development, unequal Indigenous participation in language and structure, chapters that don’t reflect federal views, incomplete incorporation of Indigenous perspectives, and a failure to center problems identified by northern Indigenous Peoples.
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Time as an instrument of settler evasion: Circumventing the implementation of truth and reconciliation in Canadian geography departments
Type of Evidence: Academic Literature
Summary of Key Findings:The publication examines how Canadian Geography departments have responded to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s calls to action, finding that time is used as a means to evade responsibility and calling for more effective implementation of these recommendations.
Topics & Keywords:settler colonialism, settler evasion, space-time geographies, Truth and Reconciliation CommissionLimitations:The study is an exploratory case study based solely on interviews with Geography department heads, which may limit its scope, depth, and breadth of perspectives, while also revealing a gap in current implementation strategies.
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TELUS: 2025 Indigenous Reconciliation & Connectivity Report
Type of Evidence: Corporate Report
Summary of Key Findings:TELUS has implemented a five-year Indigenous Reconciliation Action Plan with four pillars (connectivity, social outcomes, cultural responsiveness, and economic reconciliation), established an Indigenous Advisory Council in 2021, and has committed to protecting Indigenous intellectual property by prohibiting AI from replicating Indigenous art.
Topics & Keywords:artificial intelligence ethics, broadband connectivity, cultural responsiveness, economic participation, Indigenous reconciliationLimitations:The report presents a potentially biased, TELUS-centric view of reconciliation efforts, is limited in scope to TELUS’s serving area, and reflects only a snapshot of Year 3 results that may not capture long-term outcomes or the broader needs of all Indigenous communities.
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Ontario Securities Commission (OSC)
Type of Evidence: Government Report
Summary of Key Findings:The OSC’s Action Plan for Truth and Reconciliation aims to address the systematic exclusion of Indigenous Peoples from capital markets through five pillars—Governance & Leadership, People & Employment, Education & Awareness, Community & Economic Engagement, and Regulatory & Policy Work—implemented across three phases from 2024–2027, with public feedback sought by October 31, 2025.
Topics & Keywords:capital markets, economic inclusion, Indigenous Peoples, Ontario Securities Commission, Truth and ReconciliationLimitations:The OSC’s Action Plan is a living document dependent on ongoing engagement with Indigenous and non-Indigenous partners to evolve, with its long-term success contingent on sustained relationships and responsiveness to feedback.
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