Supporting Evidence
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Indigenous women's employment in natural resource industries in Canada: Patterns, barriers and opportunities
Type of Evidence: Academic Literature
Summary of Key Findings:This paper reviews barriers and opportunities for Indigenous women in Canada’s energy, mining, and forest sectors, emphasizing the intersections of gender, culture, ethnicity, language, and class, identifying common barriers such as glass ceilings and racism, and recommending specific targets and mechanisms to improve employment opportunities for Indigenous women.
Topics & Keywords:Glass ceilings, Indigenous women, Lack of mentors, Natural resource industries, RacismLimitations:Indigenous women face similar barriers to non-Indigenous women such as glass ceilings and lack of mentors, with the added dimension of racism based on Indigenous status and limitations based on geographic location.
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National Indigenous Economic Development Board
Type of Evidence: Research Paper
Summary of Key Findings:From 2012 to 2020, the Indigenous economy grew with GDP rising from $81.9 billion to $97.0 billion, though systemic barriers persist particularly for First Nations on reserve who face employment rates 19.9 percentage points lower than non-Indigenous rates, Indigenous men experienced 6.3 percentage points higher unemployment during COVID-19, and Indigenous SMEs outperform broader Canadian SMEs in sales revenue and growth.
Topics & Keywords:economic inclusion, financial confidence index, Financial literacy, Indigenous capital access, Indigenous financial empowermentLimitations:The report’s findings may be limited in accuracy due to reliance on 2021 Census data that may not fully reflect the current Indigenous economic landscape, compounded by COVID-19 pandemic distortions to employment and labour force participation indicators.
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