The status is Active. Responsive penalty regimes already exist across federal, Indigenous, provincial, territorial, and municipal systems. Federal environmental enforcement includes mandatory minimum fines, higher maximum fines for corporations, repeat-offence penalties, economic-benefit recovery, and administrative monetary penalties for violations of permits, licences, authorizations, orders, and directions. Indigenous-law implementation is also visible through First Nation Land Management authorities and First Nation environmental-law examples with fines, stop-work orders, restoration, restitution, cost recovery, and corporate officer or director liability. Provincial, territorial, and municipal examples also show active penalty tools for environmental non-compliance. The main limitations are uneven implementation, no single national NIES-linked reporting system, and the lack of a shared definition of what counts as “significant” penalties.
Call to Action #56
Implement significant penalties for corporate non-compliance with Indigenous, Federal, Provincial, Territorial, and Municipal environmental laws and permitting processes
Active Status
